WS1 ) Fundamentals and Applications of Rydberg Atom-Based Electric Field Sensors

Organizer:  Dr. Chris Holloway (National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract:  This workshop aims to familiarize the participants, who may have limited knowledge of atomic and quantum physics, with the concept of Rydberg atom-based sensors. The main objective of this workshop is to provide sufficient information to the attendees to comprehend the diverse capabilities of Rydberg atom sensors.
In the past few years, there has been a growing interest in the development of atomic-based quantum electric and magnetic field sensors. As a result, numerous companies and universities have initiated programs dedicated to the research and development of these quantum sensors. One of the keys to developing new science and technologies is to have sound metrology tools and techniques. Fundamental to all electromagnetic measurements is having accurately calibrated probes, antennas, and power meters to measure either electric (E) fields, magnetic (H) fields, and power. Atom-based measurements have played a crucial role in enabling direct traceable measurements within the International System of Units (SI). As a result, measurement standards have progressively embraced atom-based measurements in various domains including length (m), frequency (Hz), and time (s) standards. In the past 10 years, we have made great progress in the development of a fundamentally new, direct SI traceable approach to E-field measurement based on Rydberg atoms (traceable through Planck’s constant, which is now an SI defined constant). The Rydberg atom-based sensors now have the capability of measuring amplitude, polarization, and phase of RF fields and signals. As such, various applications are beginning to emerge. These include SI-traceable E-field probes, power-sensors, voltage standards, thermometry (the measurement of temperature), RF cameras, receivers for communication signals (AM/FM modulated and digital phase modulation signals), TV/Video-Game streaming and many other applications. These novel sensors based on Rydberg atoms will prove advantageous for 6G and future generations as they enable the calibration of field strength and power for frequencies exceeding 100 GHz. The objective of this workshop is to emphasize the theoretical foundations and practical applications of atomic sensors for electric field measurements.
This workshop will provide comprehensive presentations on the technologies surrounding Rydberg atom-based sensors, accompanied by thorough discussions. This content will equip the participants with a foundation necessary to comprehend and acquaint themselves with the capabilities of these and related quantum sensors. While the majority of the dissemination of quantum sensor research has primarily occurred within the physics community, this workshop will target the interests and expertise of the EMC community. The EMC community will benefit from a greater familiarity with these new types of sensors to meet measurement and application needs of the future. This workshop will give an overview and summarize this new technology in time-varying signal detection and discuss various applications and pathways to commercialization. The presenters at the workshop have been leading this field for the past 15 years and are recognized as the leading experts in quantum-based sensors.

WS2 ) Innovations in Wireless Power: Beamforming, On-Demand Energy, and Sustainable RF Harvesting

Organizers: Prof. Jasmin Grosinger (Graz University of Technology)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: High-frequency power electronics technology, with its advantages such as reducing component size, increasing power density, and improving control performance, has been widely used in modern power systems and electronic devices. With the extensive use of wide bandgap devices, the process of high-frequency power electronics has significantly accelerated. However, this also brings challenges, such as those related to topology, magnetic design, parameter variation, and controller.
MHz single-switch resonant converters are widely used in areas such as wireless power transfer, induction heating, and RF plasma generation due to their simple structure and high operational efficiency.
Currently, their classical design methods rely on complex derivations and iterative processes, usually targeting a single design goal. In practical applications, multiple objectives often need to be considered simultaneously. At several MHz, advanced modeling techniques, analytical tools, and system design are vital to addressing these challenges. This tutorial will provide an overview of the principles, topology, modes, analysis, and design methods of ultra-high-frequency resonant converters, comprehensively considering the trade-offs in design for various applications.

WS3 ) Wireless Power Transfer for Electrification

Organizers: Prof. Leonardo Sandrolini (University of Bologna, Italy) – Dr. Silvano Cruciani (Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for Electric Vehicles (EVs) presents significant challenges in system efficiency, power electronics, and grid integration. This half-day tutorial provides a comprehensive exploration of WPT for EVs, focusing on magnetic design, compensation topologies, and practical challenges with high-frequency power converters using WBG switches.
The tutorial will begin with a deep dive into the magnetic aspects of WPT, including coil design, mutual inductance optimization, and Coupled Magnetic Resonance for enhanced efficiency and misalignment tolerance. Next, we will discuss compensation topologies, covering series, parallel, and hybrid configurations to maximize power transfer and maintain stable operation under varying conditions.

Another critical aspect covered will be the role of Silicon Carbide (SiC) switches in high-frequency WPT systems. While SiC devices offer advantages like reduced switching losses and higher efficiency, their implementation presents challenges related to electromagnetic interference, voltage stress, thermal management, and layout design complexity.
Accordingly, this Tutorial aims to formulate false turn-on phenomena and voltage oscillation across switches. In addition, an innovative magnetic-based snubber circuit will be introduced as the next step to realize the viability of the switches without imposing extra power loss. This feature is well-suited to the purpose of using Wide Band Gap switches in power converter.
Finally, we will explore the grid-level impact of WPT, including bidirectional power regulation, V2G and G2V interactions, and WPT topologies with the ability for bidirectional power transfer independent to mutual coupling and load changes. Case studies of real-world WPT implementations will illustrate both the technical and practical considerations.

WS4 ) Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) Systems and Implantable Cardiac Stimulators: Regulatory Framework and Practical Risk Evaluation of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

Organizers: Eng. Cecilia Vivarelli (National Centre for Innovative technologies in public health, Italian National Institute of Health)

                     Eng. Eugenio Mattei (National Centre for Innovative technologies in public health, Italian National Institute of Health)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: The rapid advancement of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems is revolutionizing various sectors, including healthcare and biomedical applications. However, these technologies pose significant safety challenges, particularly for individuals with implantable medical devices such as pacemakers and cardiac defibrillators. A critical issue is the evaluation and management of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), which could potentially disrupt the functionality of these devices.
This workshop aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory framework and practical approaches to addressing safety concerns associated with WPT systems in the context of implantable cardiac stimulators. International standards (e.g., IEC 60601-1, ISO 14708) and European guidelines will be discussed, highlighting their implications for engineers, designers, and regulatory bodies.
Specific focus will be placed on the challenges faced by WPT systems in the automotive sector, where the typical power levels are quite high and are expected to be widely adopted and implemented in many public areas and workplaces in the near future.
The workshop will also explore case studies and methodologies for effective risk assessment, taking into account critical parameters such as operating frequency, transmitted power, and separation distance between the WPT source and the medical device. Through an interdisciplinary approach involving biomedical engineering, electromagnetics, and regulatory sciences, participants will gain insights into designing safe and compliant WPT systems while safeguarding public health and occupational safety.
This event is designed for professionals, researchers, and policymakers interested in understanding and managing the interactions between WPT systems and implantable medical devices, with an emphasis on real-world applications and risk mitigation strategies for workers.

T1 ) MHz Power Conversion Techniques for Wireless Charging

Organizers: Prof. Minfan Fu (ShanghaiTech University, Shangai, China)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: High-frequency power electronics technology, with its advantages such as reducing component size, increasing power density, and improving control performance, has been widely used in modern power systems and electronic devices. With the extensive use of wide bandgap devices, the process of high-frequency power electronics has significantly accelerated. However, this also brings challenges, such as those related to topology, magnetic design, parameter variation, and controller.
MHz single-switch resonant converters are widely used in areas such as wireless power transfer, induction heating, and RF plasma generation due to their simple structure and high operational efficiency.
Currently, their classical design methods rely on complex derivations and iterative processes, usually targeting a single design goal. In practical applications, multiple objectives often need to be considered simultaneously. At several MHz, advanced modeling techniques, analytical tools, and system design are vital to addressing these challenges. This tutorial will provide an overview of the principles, topology, modes, analysis, and design methods of ultra-high-frequency resonant converters, comprehensively considering the trade-offs in design for various applications.

T2 ) Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles: Magnetic Resonance, Compensation Strategies, Possible Practical Challenges, and V2G Feasibility

Organizers: Dr. Amir Babaki (Center for Industrial Electronics, Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, SDU, Denmark)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) for Electric Vehicles (EVs) presents significant challenges in system efficiency, power electronics, and grid integration. This half-day tutorial provides a comprehensive exploration of WPT for EVs, focusing on magnetic design, compensation topologies, and practical challenges with high-frequency power converters using WBG switches.
The tutorial will begin with a deep dive into the magnetic aspects of WPT, including coil design, mutual inductance optimization, and Coupled Magnetic Resonance for enhanced efficiency and misalignment tolerance. Next, we will discuss compensation topologies, covering series, parallel, and hybrid configurations to maximize power transfer and maintain stable operation under varying conditions.

Another critical aspect covered will be the role of Silicon Carbide (SiC) switches in high-frequency WPT systems. While SiC devices offer advantages like reduced switching losses and higher efficiency, their implementation presents challenges related to electromagnetic interference, voltage stress, thermal management, and layout design complexity.
Accordingly, this Tutorial aims to formulate false turn-on phenomena and voltage oscillation across switches. In addition, an innovative magnetic-based snubber circuit will be introduced as the next step to realize the viability of the switches without imposing extra power loss. This feature is well-suited to the purpose of using Wide Band Gap switches in power converter.
Finally, we will explore the grid-level impact of WPT, including bidirectional power regulation, V2G and G2V interactions, and WPT topologies with the ability for bidirectional power transfer independent to mutual coupling and load changes. Case studies of real-world WPT implementations will illustrate both the technical and practical considerations.

T3 ) Hands-on tutorial on Near-field inductive transfer

Organizers: Dr. Pablo Pérez-Nicoli (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Uruguay)

Scheduled: June 3, 2025

Abstract: This tutorial will cover various concepts of wireless power transfer via inductive coupling with a hands-on approach. Attendees will be provided with simulation schematics (LTspice) and calculation scripts (Octave/Matlab) to verify each concept through simulations and calculations (PCs are required).
The concepts will be validated through examples inspired by real-world systems, including active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) and radio-frequency identification (RFID) links. Therefore, we will also address specific design considerations related to the inductive links used in AIMDs and RFID applications, including a historical overview, the current state of the field, and future challenges. The topics will range from basic to intermediate levels, covering series vs. parallel resonance, optimal load conditions, the frequency-splitting effect, output voltage regulation, maximum efficiency point tracking, data communication (telemetry), and the use of passive resonators (N-coil link).
Each topic will first be discussed with the audience, and then there will be time for everyone to familiarize themselves with the concept at their own pace by conducting their own tests in the simulator and comparing the results with the theoretical models presented. To facilitate calculations with theoretical models, calculation scripts are provided, allowing for an easy comparison between the models and the simulations.
Different architectures of the main circuits used in these systems will also be discussed, including various transmitter driver classes and rectification circuits, evaluating their impact on the link.
This tutorial is based on the book “Inductive Links for Wireless Power Transfer: Fundamental Concepts for Designing High-Efficiency WPT Links” and will be delivered by one of the authors.

For any additional information, please contact the Workshop & Tutorial Chairs:

• Dr. Silvano Cruciani, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy (silvano.cruciani@uniroma2.it )
• Prof. Jasmin Grosinger, Graz University of Technology, Austria (jasmin.grosinger@tugraz.at )
• Prof. Leonardo Sandrolini, University of Bologna, Italy (leonardo.sandrolini@unibo.it )